Frama-C-discuss mailing list archives

dganesan at fc-md.umd.edu (Dharmalingam Ganesan) · Thu, 13 Mar 2014 15:27:43 -0400

Hi,

I tried this example on the latest version of Frama-c (downloaded it last night). I'm not sure why two of the properties are Unknown.

Please let me know.

Thanks,
Dharma

$ frama-c -wp -wp-rte -wp-proof=alt-ergo pointer.c  -pp-annot -wp-model=Typed,ref
[kernel] preprocessing with "gcc -C -E -I.  -dD pointer.c"
[wp] Running WP plugin...
[wp] Collecting axiomatic usage
[rte] annotating function f
[rte] annotating function main
[wp] Collecting variable usage
[wp] 11 goals scheduled
[wp] [Qed] Goal typed_ref_f_assign : Valid
[wp] [Qed] Goal typed_ref_f_p_changed_post : Valid
[wp] [Qed] Goal typed_ref_f_p_changed_post_2 : Valid
[wp] [Qed] Goal typed_ref_f_q_changed_post : Valid
[wp] [Qed] Goal typed_ref_f_q_changed_post_2 : Valid
[wp] [Alt-Ergo] Goal typed_ref_f_assert_rte_mem_access_2 : Unknown
[wp] [Alt-Ergo] Goal typed_ref_f_assert_rte_mem_access : Unknown
[wp] [Qed] Goal typed_ref_main_call_f_q_changed_pre : Valid
[wp] [Qed] Goal typed_ref_main_call_f_p_changed_pre_2 : Valid
[wp] [Alt-Ergo] Goal typed_ref_main_call_f_p_changed_pre : Valid (28ms) (13)
[wp] [Alt-Ergo] Goal typed_ref_main_call_f_q_changed_pre_2 : Valid (Qed:4ms) (80ms) (43)
[wp] Proved goals:    9 / 11
     Qed:             7  (4ms-4ms)
     Alt-Ergo:        2  (28ms-80ms) (43) (unknown: 2)

-----Original Message-----
From: frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr<mailto:frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr> [mailto:frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr] On Behalf Of Lo?c Correnson
Sent: Monday, February 10, 2014 9:36 AM
To: Frama-C public discussion
Subject: Re: [Frama-c-discuss] WP: Pointer issue?

This is ok in the future release : f is fully proved.
However, let me point out that the specification of `f` is far from complete. Especially, since there is no assigns nor specification for both p and q in all behaviors, then the main function can not be proved.
You probably have to :
+ assigns *p,*q ; in default behavior
+ ensures *p == \old(*p) ; in q_changed behavior ensures *q == \old(*q)
+ ; in p_changed behavior

L.

Le 7 f?vr. 2014 ? 21:37, Dharmalingam Ganesan <dganesan at fc-md.umd.edu<mailto:dganesan at fc-md.umd.edu>> a ?crit :

Hi,

For the attached program, I'm not sure why the requires clause is not valid for "q_changed".

behavior q_changed:
    assumes n <= 0;
    requires \valid(q);
    ensures *q == n;

Any comments?

Thanks,
Dharma
________________________________________
From: frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr<mailto:frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr>
[frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr<mailto:frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr>] On Behalf Of David Cok
[dcok at grammatech.com<mailto:dcok at grammatech.com>]
Sent: Friday, February 07, 2014 12:12 PM
To: frama-c-discuss at lists.gforge.inria.fr<mailto:frama-c-discuss at lists.gforge.inria.fr>
Subject: Re: [Frama-c-discuss] Checking for side-effects

I understand it differently.
See section 2.3.2 of the ACSL documentation.
The semantics of the assigns clause is that only the listed locations
may be updated. Anything not listed is assumed to be the same in the
post-state and the pre-state. Anything listed may or may not be
assigned to in the method. This is consistent with the interpretation
in JML as well. Having no assigns clause imposes no restrictions, so
the default is equivalent to something like assigns \everything -
though section
2.3.5 allows tools to do something more intelligent.

I can't speak either way to whether frama-c reports violations of
assigns clauses or has a bug relating to them.

- David

On 2/7/2014 10:12 AM, Dharmalingam Ganesan wrote:

Hi,

In my understanding assigns clause is for ensuring the given variables are updated. If the code assigns additional variables that are not listed in the assign clause, then WP is not reporting as an issue. I understand that's ok, but my question is different:

Can we specify only a given set of variables are allowed to be modified and nothing else?

Of course, for small programs we can add additional constraints such as dummy == \old(dummy), for example. But this workaround becomes an issue if the code has "too many" variables, we have to manually add such constraints for each variable that should not be modified.

Thanks,
Dharma

-----Original Message-----
From: frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr<mailto:frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr>
[mailto:frama-c-discuss-bounces at lists.gforge.inria.fr] On Behalf Of
David Cok
Sent: Friday, February 07, 2014 9:58 AM
To: frama-c-discuss at lists.gforge.inria.fr<mailto:frama-c-discuss at lists.gforge.inria.fr>
Subject: Re: [Frama-c-discuss] Checking for side-effects

Isn't this what the 'assigns' clause is for?
As in

/*@
    requires global == dummy;

    behavior GLOBAL_BELOW_5:
      assumes global < 5;
      assigns global;
      ensures global == \old(global) + 1;

    behavior GLOBAL_ABOVE_5:
      assumes global > 5;
      assigns global;
      ensures global == \old(global) - 1;

    behavior GLOBAL_EQUAL_5:
      assumes global == 5;
      assigns \nothing;

    complete behaviors;
    disjoint behaviors;
*/

- David

On 2/6/2014 2:47 PM, Dharmalingam Ganesan wrote:

Hi,

Is there a way to specific "negative" behaviours, for example, no variable should be updated except the given variable.

For example, for this little code, WP can able to prove all behaviours. That's great. But, I do not want any change in the state of the system except the "global" value. In this code, the dummy variable's state can also change, which is an undesirable side-effect (let's assume).

For large and complex code, it appears specifying what is not allowed would also help to make sure implementation = specification.

I looked into -deps option to Frama-c, it appears to list the dependencies for each variable, which is helpful, but it does not quite check for undesired state changes.

Any comments?
Dharma

int global = 0;
int dummy = 0;

/*@
    requires global == dummy;

    behavior GLOBAL_BELOW_5:
      assumes global < 5;
      ensures global == \old(global) + 1;

    behavior GLOBAL_ABOVE_5:
      assumes global > 5;
      ensures global == \old(global) - 1;

    behavior GLOBAL_EQUAL_5:
      assumes global == 5;
      assigns \nothing;

    complete behaviors;
    disjoint behaviors;
*/
void update()
{
   if(global < 5) {
       global++;
       dummy++;
   }

   if(global > 5) {
       global--;
       dummy--;
   }
}

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