ptrdiff_t links for the week-end

Here are two links related to ptrdiff_t:

• Ptrdiff_t is evil [removed dead link] a blog post for if you are not tired of conversion and promotion issues yet
• and an interesting answer on StackOverflow.

I was doubtful about the second one (I had no difficulties to accept the first one after the previous conversions-and-promotions-related posts on this blog). But type ptrdiff_t is for storing pointer differences right? Why would a compilation platform (compiler and associated standard library including malloc()) make it just too small to hold all possible pointer differences? So I tested it and StackOverflow user R.. is right:

#include <stddef.h> 
#include <stdio.h> 
main(){ 
  printf("%d"  (int) sizeof(ptrdiff_t)); 
} 

Compiling as a 32-bit program:

$ gcc -m32 t.c && ./a.out  
4 

I am pretty sure I have allocated 2.2GB in a single malloc() call of a 32-bit process on this system. I was thankful for getting that much at the time too. But 4 bytes are not enough to hold all signed differences between two pointers to char within a single 2.2GB chunk of memory:

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 
main(){ 
  char *p = malloc(2200000000U); 
  if (!p) return 1; 
  char *q = p + 2150000000U; 
  printf("%td"  q - p); 
} 

Please take a moment to predict the number printed by the above program yourself before looking down.

$ gcc -m32 t.c && ./a.out  
-2144967296